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# <!-- rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb --> # The Benchmark module provides methods to measure and report the time used to # execute Ruby code. # # * Measure the time to construct the string given by the expression # `"a"*1_000_000_000`: # # require 'benchmark' # # puts Benchmark.measure { "a"*1_000_000_000 } # # On my machine (OSX 10.8.3 on i5 1.7 GHz) this generates: # # 0.350000 0.400000 0.750000 ( 0.835234) # # This report shows the user CPU time, system CPU time, the sum of the user # and system CPU times, and the elapsed real time. The unit of time is # seconds. # # * Do some experiments sequentially using the #bm method: # # require 'benchmark' # # n = 5000000 # Benchmark.bm do |x| # x.report { for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end } # x.report { n.times do ; a = "1"; end } # x.report { 1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end } # end # # The result: # # user system total real # 1.010000 0.000000 1.010000 ( 1.014479) # 1.000000 0.000000 1.000000 ( 0.998261) # 0.980000 0.000000 0.980000 ( 0.981335) # # * Continuing the previous example, put a label in each report: # # require 'benchmark' # # n = 5000000 # Benchmark.bm(7) do |x| # x.report("for:") { for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end } # x.report("times:") { n.times do ; a = "1"; end } # x.report("upto:") { 1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end } # end # # The result: # # user system total real # for: 1.010000 0.000000 1.010000 ( 1.015688) # times: 1.000000 0.000000 1.000000 ( 1.003611) # upto: 1.030000 0.000000 1.030000 ( 1.028098) # # * The times for some benchmarks depend on the order in which items are run. # These differences are due to the cost of memory allocation and garbage # collection. To avoid these discrepancies, the #bmbm method is provided. # For example, to compare ways to sort an array of floats: # # require 'benchmark' # # array = (1..1000000).map { rand } # # Benchmark.bmbm do |x| # x.report("sort!") { array.dup.sort! } # x.report("sort") { array.dup.sort } # end # # The result: # # Rehearsal ----------------------------------------- # sort! 1.490000 0.010000 1.500000 ( 1.490520) # sort 1.460000 0.000000 1.460000 ( 1.463025) # -------------------------------- total: 2.960000sec # # user system total real # sort! 1.460000 0.000000 1.460000 ( 1.460465) # sort 1.450000 0.010000 1.460000 ( 1.448327) # # * Report statistics of sequential experiments with unique labels, using the # #benchmark method: # # require 'benchmark' # include Benchmark # we need the CAPTION and FORMAT constants # # n = 5000000 # Benchmark.benchmark(CAPTION, 7, FORMAT, ">total:", ">avg:") do |x| # tf = x.report("for:") { for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end } # tt = x.report("times:") { n.times do ; a = "1"; end } # tu = x.report("upto:") { 1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end } # [tf+tt+tu, (tf+tt+tu)/3] # end # # The result: # # user system total real # for: 0.950000 0.000000 0.950000 ( 0.952039) # times: 0.980000 0.000000 0.980000 ( 0.984938) # upto: 0.950000 0.000000 0.950000 ( 0.946787) # >total: 2.880000 0.000000 2.880000 ( 2.883764) # >avg: 0.960000 0.000000 0.960000 ( 0.961255) # module Benchmark # <!-- # rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb # - benchmark(caption = "", label_width = nil, format = nil, *labels) { |report| ... } # --> # Invokes the block with a Benchmark::Report object, which may be used to # collect and report on the results of individual benchmark tests. Reserves # `label_width` leading spaces for labels on each line. Prints `caption` at the # top of the report, and uses `format` to format each line. (Note: `caption` # must contain a terminating newline character, see the default # Benchmark::Tms::CAPTION for an example.) # # Returns an array of Benchmark::Tms objects. # # If the block returns an array of Benchmark::Tms objects, these will be used to # format additional lines of output. If `labels` parameter are given, these are # used to label these extra lines. # # *Note*: Other methods provide a simpler interface to this one, and are # suitable for nearly all benchmarking requirements. See the examples in # Benchmark, and the #bm and #bmbm methods. # # Example: # # require 'benchmark' # include Benchmark # we need the CAPTION and FORMAT constants # # n = 5000000 # Benchmark.benchmark(CAPTION, 7, FORMAT, ">total:", ">avg:") do |x| # tf = x.report("for:") { for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end } # tt = x.report("times:") { n.times do ; a = "1"; end } # tu = x.report("upto:") { 1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end } # [tf+tt+tu, (tf+tt+tu)/3] # end # # Generates: # # user system total real # for: 0.970000 0.000000 0.970000 ( 0.970493) # times: 0.990000 0.000000 0.990000 ( 0.989542) # upto: 0.970000 0.000000 0.970000 ( 0.972854) # >total: 2.930000 0.000000 2.930000 ( 2.932889) # >avg: 0.976667 0.000000 0.976667 ( 0.977630) # def self?.benchmark: (String caption, ?Integer? label_width, ?String? format, *String labels) { (Report report) -> (Array[Tms] | untyped) } -> Array[Tms] # <!-- # rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb # - bm(label_width = 0, *labels) { |report| ... } # --> # A simple interface to the #benchmark method, #bm generates sequential reports # with labels. `label_width` and `labels` parameters have the same meaning as # for #benchmark. # # require 'benchmark' # # n = 5000000 # Benchmark.bm(7) do |x| # x.report("for:") { for i in 1..n; a = "1"; end } # x.report("times:") { n.times do ; a = "1"; end } # x.report("upto:") { 1.upto(n) do ; a = "1"; end } # end # # Generates: # # user system total real # for: 0.960000 0.000000 0.960000 ( 0.957966) # times: 0.960000 0.000000 0.960000 ( 0.960423) # upto: 0.950000 0.000000 0.950000 ( 0.954864) # def self?.bm: (?Integer label_width, *String labels) { (Report report) -> void } -> Array[Tms] # <!-- # rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb # - bmbm(width = 0) { |job| ... } # --> # Sometimes benchmark results are skewed because code executed earlier # encounters different garbage collection overheads than that run later. #bmbm # attempts to minimize this effect by running the tests twice, the first time as # a rehearsal in order to get the runtime environment stable, the second time # for real. GC.start is executed before the start of each of the real timings; # the cost of this is not included in the timings. In reality, though, there's # only so much that #bmbm can do, and the results are not guaranteed to be # isolated from garbage collection and other effects. # # Because #bmbm takes two passes through the tests, it can calculate the # required label width. # # require 'benchmark' # # array = (1..1000000).map { rand } # # Benchmark.bmbm do |x| # x.report("sort!") { array.dup.sort! } # x.report("sort") { array.dup.sort } # end # # Generates: # # Rehearsal ----------------------------------------- # sort! 1.440000 0.010000 1.450000 ( 1.446833) # sort 1.440000 0.000000 1.440000 ( 1.448257) # -------------------------------- total: 2.890000sec # # user system total real # sort! 1.460000 0.000000 1.460000 ( 1.458065) # sort 1.450000 0.000000 1.450000 ( 1.455963) # # #bmbm yields a Benchmark::Job object and returns an array of Benchmark::Tms # objects. # def self?.bmbm: (?Integer width) { (Job job) -> void } -> Array[Tms] # <!-- # rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb # - measure(label = "") { || ... } # --> # Returns the time used to execute the given block as a Benchmark::Tms object. # Takes `label` option. # # require 'benchmark' # # n = 1000000 # # time = Benchmark.measure do # n.times { a = "1" } # end # puts time # # Generates: # # 0.220000 0.000000 0.220000 ( 0.227313) # def self?.measure: (?String label) { () -> void } -> Tms # <!-- # rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb # - realtime() { || ... } # --> # Returns the elapsed real time used to execute the given block. The unit of # time is seconds. # # Benchmark.realtime { "a" * 1_000_000_000 } # #=> 0.5098029999935534 # def self?.realtime: () { () -> void } -> Float BENCHMARK_VERSION: String # <!-- rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb --> # The default caption string (heading above the output times). # CAPTION: String # <!-- rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb --> # The default format string used to display times. See also # Benchmark::Tms#format. # FORMAT: String class Job # Prints the `label` and measured time for the block, # formatted by `format`. See Tms#format for the # formatting rules. def item: (?String label) { () -> void } -> self # An array of 2-element arrays, consisting of label and block pairs. def list: () -> Array[untyped] alias report item # Length of the widest label in the #list. def width: () -> Integer end class Report # Prints the `label` and measured time for the block, # formatted by `format`. See Tms#format for the # formatting rules. def item: (?String label, *untyped format) { () -> void } -> Tms # An array of Benchmark::Tms objects representing each item. def list: () -> Array[Tms] alias report item end # <!-- rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb --> # A data object, representing the times associated with a benchmark measurement. # class Tms # <!-- # rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb # - *(x) # --> # Returns a new Tms object obtained by memberwise multiplication of the # individual times for this Tms object by `x`. # def *: (untyped x) -> untyped # <!-- # rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb # - +(other) # --> # Returns a new Tms object obtained by memberwise summation of the individual # times for this Tms object with those of the `other` Tms object. This method # and #/() are useful for taking statistics. # def +: (untyped other) -> untyped # <!-- # rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb # - -(other) # --> # Returns a new Tms object obtained by memberwise subtraction of the individual # times for the `other` Tms object from those of this Tms object. # def -: (untyped other) -> untyped # <!-- # rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb # - /(x) # --> # Returns a new Tms object obtained by memberwise division of the individual # times for this Tms object by `x`. This method and #+() are useful for taking # statistics. # def /: (untyped x) -> untyped # <!-- # rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb # - add() { || ... } # --> # Returns a new Tms object whose times are the sum of the times for this Tms # object, plus the time required to execute the code block (`blk`). # def add: () { (*untyped) -> untyped } -> untyped # <!-- # rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb # - add!(&blk) # --> # An in-place version of #add. Changes the times of this Tms object by making it # the sum of the times for this Tms object, plus the time required to execute # the code block (`blk`). # def add!: () { (*untyped) -> untyped } -> untyped # <!-- rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb --> # System CPU time of children # def cstime: () -> Float # <!-- rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb --> # User CPU time of children # def cutime: () -> Float # <!-- # rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb # - format(format = nil, *args) # --> # Returns the contents of this Tms object as a formatted string, according to a # `format` string like that passed to Kernel.format. In addition, #format # accepts the following extensions: # # `%u` # : Replaced by the user CPU time, as reported by Tms#utime. # # `%y` # : Replaced by the system CPU time, as reported by #stime (Mnemonic: y of # "s*y*stem") # # `%U` # : Replaced by the children's user CPU time, as reported by Tms#cutime # # `%Y` # : Replaced by the children's system CPU time, as reported by Tms#cstime # # `%t` # : Replaced by the total CPU time, as reported by Tms#total # # `%r` # : Replaced by the elapsed real time, as reported by Tms#real # # `%n` # : Replaced by the label string, as reported by Tms#label (Mnemonic: n of # "*n*ame") # # # If `format` is not given, FORMAT is used as default value, detailing the user, # system and real elapsed time. # def format: (?String format, *untyped args) -> String # <!-- rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb --> # Label # def label: () -> String # <!-- rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb --> # Elapsed real time # def real: () -> Float # <!-- rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb --> # System CPU time # def stime: () -> Float # <!-- # rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb # - to_a() # --> # Returns a new 6-element array, consisting of the label, user CPU time, system # CPU time, children's user CPU time, children's system CPU time and elapsed # real time. # def to_a: () -> untyped # <!-- # rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb # - to_s() # --> # Same as #format. # def to_s: () -> String # <!-- rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb --> # Total time, that is `utime` + `stime` + `cutime` + `cstime` # def total: () -> Float # <!-- rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb --> # User CPU time # def utime: () -> Float # <!-- rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb --> # Default caption, see also Benchmark::CAPTION # CAPTION: String # <!-- rdoc-file=lib/benchmark.rb --> # Default format string, see also Benchmark::FORMAT # FORMAT: String end end